Technical Info

The Numbers Behind Every Order

Grade chemistry, mechanical properties, pipe schedules, governing standards and a weight calculator — the reference data buyers and engineers ask us for most, in one place.

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01 Grade chemistry 02 Mechanical properties 03 Pipe sizes & schedules 04 Standards at a glance 05 Weight calculator 06 Technical FAQ
Resources

Technical Tools & Reference Charts

Start with the quick reference on this page, or open a full chart.

Material Grades & Equivalents

Compare ASTM, EN, DIN and IS designations for stainless, alloy and carbon steels.

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Dimensional Charts

Pipe schedules, outside diameters, wall thicknesses and sizes in inches and millimetres.

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Metal Weight Calculator

Estimate the weight of pipes, bars and plates before you order. A quick version is below.

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Chemistry

Stainless Steel Grades at a Glance

Typical chemical limits for the grades we are asked for most. Percentages are by weight.

HighlightEach bar shows the allowed range on a common scale
GradeUNS / ENC max 0–0.10Cr 0–27Ni 0–23Mo 0–4Known For
SS 304S30400EN 1.43010.0818.0 – 20.08.0 – 11.0—GeneralGeneral purpose; food, process and architecture
SS 304LS30403EN 1.43070.03518.0 – 20.08.0 – 13.0—WeldableLow carbon; preferred for welded fabrication
SS 316S31600EN 1.44010.0816.0 – 18.010.0 – 14.02.00 – 3.00ChloridesMolybdenum-bearing; better chloride resistance
SS 316LS31603EN 1.44040.03516.0 – 18.010.0 – 15.02.00 – 3.00Marine · PharmaLow carbon; marine, chemical and pharma service
SS 321S32100EN 1.45410.0817.0 – 19.09.0 – 12.0—Hot serviceTitanium-stabilised; elevated-temperature service
SS 310SS31008EN 1.48450.0824.0 – 26.019.0 – 22.0—FurnaceHeat resistant; furnace and high-temperature parts
Duplex 2205S31803EN 1.44620.03021.0 – 23.04.5 – 6.52.50 – 3.50High strengthHigh strength; resists chloride stress-corrosion cracking

Limits as per ASTM A312 (pipe) and A790 (duplex). In all austenitic grades above: Mn ≤ 2.00, P ≤ 0.045, S ≤ 0.030; SS 321 also needs Ti ≥ 5×(C+N), 0.70 max. Duplex 2205: P ≤ 0.030, S ≤ 0.020, N 0.08–0.20. Values vary slightly between product forms and standards — your mill test certificate is the final record.

Mechanical

Minimum Strength Requirements

Room-temperature minimums for solution-annealed material.

  • Yield strength
  • Tensile strength
  • Elongation (ring = share of 40 %)
  • Bars on a common 0 – 700 MPa scale
GradeYield (0.2%) MinTensile MinElongation Min
SS 304205 MPa515 MPa35%
SS 304L170 MPa485 MPa35%
SS 316205 MPa515 MPa35%
SS 316L170 MPa485 MPa35%
SS 321205 MPa515 MPa35%
SS 310S205 MPa515 MPa35%
Duplex 2205 Strongest450 MPa620 MPa25%

Pipe values per ASTM A312 / A790. Plate and bar standards (A240, A276) can specify slightly different elongation. 1 MPa = 1 N/mm².

Dimensions

Pipe Sizes & Wall Thickness

Outside diameter and wall thickness in millimetres for the common NPS 1/2″ to 12″ range, per ASME B36.19M / B36.10M.

The ring icon is drawn to scale — outer edge = OD, hollow = bore at Sch 40S
NPSDNOD (mm)Sch 10SSch 40S / STDSch 80S / XSkg/m · 40S
½″1521.32.112.773.731.28
¾″2026.72.112.873.911.70
1″2533.42.773.384.552.53
1¼″3242.22.773.564.853.43
1½″4048.32.773.685.084.09
2″5060.32.773.915.545.49
2½″6573.03.055.167.018.72
3″8088.93.055.497.6211.41
4″100114.33.056.028.5616.24
6″150168.33.407.1110.9728.55
8″200219.13.768.1812.7042.98
10″250273.14.199.2712.7060.93
12″300323.94.579.5312.7074.64

Wall thicknesses in mm. Weight shown is for SS 304 at Sch 40S, calculated with a density of 7.93 g/cm³ and excluding tolerances. Need NPS 14″ and above, Sch 5S, 160 or XXS? Ask us or open the full Dimensional Charts.

Standards

Which Standard Applies to What

The specifications most often named on purchase orders for each product.

  • Stainless pipe

    Dimensions ASME B36.19M
    Specification
    ASTM A312 / ASME SA312

  • Carbon steel pipe

    Dimensions ASME B36.10M
    Specification
    ASTM A106A53API 5L

  • Tubes (heat exchanger, boiler, instrumentation)

    Dimensions Actual OD × wall thickness
    Specification
    ASTM A213A249A269

  • Duplex & super duplex pipe

    Dimensions ASME B36.19M
    Specification
    ASTM A790

  • Sheets, plates, coils & strips

    Dimensions As per product standard
    Specification
    ASTM A240A480 (stainless)A36A516 (carbon)

  • Butt-weld fittings

    Dimensions ASME B16.9
    Specification
    ASTM A403 (stainless)A234 (carbon & alloy)

  • Forged fittings

    Dimensions ASME B16.11
    Specification
    ASTM A182

  • Flanges

    Dimensions ASME B16.5 · B16.47
    Specification
    ASTM A182 (stainless)A105 (carbon)

  • Round bars

    Dimensions As per product standard
    Specification
    ASTM A276A479

  • Fasteners

    Dimensions ASME B18.2.1 · B18.2.2
    Specification
    ASTM A193A194F593

  • Angles, channels & beams

    Dimensions IS 808
    Specification
    IS 2062ASTM A36

Typical references only. The edition, grade and supplementary requirements on your purchase order decide what is supplied — tell us the exact specification when you enquire.

Calculator

Quick Metal Weight Calculator

Estimate the theoretical weight of pipes, round bars and plates. Everything is calculated in your browser.

1 Choose shape & material

2 Enter dimensions

Pipe / tube

kg per metre for carbon steel, with OD and WT in mm.

Round bar

kg per metre for carbon steel, with diameter in mm.

Sheet / plate

kg per piece for carbon steel, with L, W and T in mm.

Other materials

Multiply by 1.010 for SS 304 and 1.019 for SS 316.

Technical FAQ

Questions Buyers Often Ask

Still have a question?

Tell us the grade, specification and size and our team will help you choose.

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Both are austenitic stainless steels, but SS 316 contains about 2–3% molybdenum, which gives it better resistance to pitting and chloride attack. SS 304 is the general-purpose choice; SS 316 is preferred for marine, chemical and coastal environments. 316 usually costs more.

L grades have a lower carbon limit (0.035% max in pipe specifications). This reduces carbide precipitation in the heat-affected zone when welding, so the weld area keeps its corrosion resistance without a post-weld heat treatment.

The “S” suffix marks the stainless-steel schedules of ASME B36.19M. Sch 5S and 10S are thin-wall schedules used only for stainless steel. 40S and 80S match the Standard (STD) and Extra Strong (XS) wall thicknesses. In smaller sizes they equal Sch 40 and Sch 80, but in larger sizes they differ — so always confirm the wall thickness in mm.

A pipe is ordered by Nominal Pipe Size (NPS/DN) and schedule, and is mainly used to carry fluids. A tube is ordered by its actual outside diameter and wall thickness, with tighter tolerances, and is used in heat exchangers, instrumentation and structural work.

Stainless steel is slightly denser — about 7.93 g/cm³ for SS 304 and 8.00 g/cm³ for SS 316, against 7.85 g/cm³ for carbon steel — so the same dimensions weigh roughly 1–2% more. Our calculator applies the right density for each material.

Yes. This page shows the most commonly requested data only. Send us the grade, specification and size and we will confirm availability and the certificate type. See also our Quality Policy page for the documents that come with every order.

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Not Sure Which Grade or Size You Need?

Tell us the application, operating conditions and quantity. We will suggest a suitable grade, specification and size, and quote it.

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